The place L will be the thickness from the newly shaped sludge residue layer, ρs will be the density of solids particles, (overline n ) is the normal porosity with the sludge residue layer, σ would be the retention parameter, qp is the enter flux level of raw sludge, Ky https://connerkfaun.ageeksblog.com/28233810/considerations-to-know-about-coagulating-filtration-unit